Effects of the Media on Young Women Free Essays

Nicole Ruben TRF 235 January 31, 2012 LIRWA The Effects of the Media on Young Women Women seen in the media are typically gorgeous, thin, and flawless. Seeing these characteristics promotes an unrealistic body type that many girls strive to have. What this does is lower the self-esteem of these girls, ultimately leading to unhealthy eating habits and disorders. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of the Media on Young Women or any similar topic only for you Order Now A study done by Harvard researcher Anne Becker demonstrated this by examining the effects of television in Fiji. Television was introduced in Fiji in 1995. At this time, only three percent of girls there reported they vomited to control their weight. However, three years later, fifteen percent of girls reported they acquired the same behavior. The culture in Fiji generally promotes eating healthy and looking robust, so this is considered a dramatic change in behavior for a culture that encourages the opposite (Corydon, 1). Another factor consider when looking at eating disorders caused by the media is that twenty years ago, models weight eight percent less than the average woman. Today, they weigh twenty-three percent less (Media-Awareness, 1). Sexualization is another effect the media has on young girls. An article by BBC News defines sexualization as â€Å"occurring when a person’s value comes only from her or his sexual appeal or behavior, to the exclusion of other characteristics, and when a person is portrayed purely as a sex object. † Television shows such as Gossip Girl and other shows similar to Gossip Girl substantially consist of sexual content. A large percentage of the viewers of these shows are young girls who look up to the characters they see on television. When they see their role models dressing and acting the way they do, they want to do the same. One study found that adolescents who have seen a lot of media with sexual content were more than twice as likely as others to have had sex by the time they were sixteen (TIME). Furthermore, many songs heard on the radio appeal to young girls, but the lyrics are not suitable for them. Katy Perry’s hit song â€Å"Last Friday Night† acts as a quintessential example of this. Some of the lyrics say, â€Å"Last Friday night / We went streaking in the park / Skinny dipping in the dark / Then had a menage-a-trois†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The outfits Katy Perry wears in her music videos, at her concerts, and on her posters also contribute to the sexualization of young girls. In her â€Å"California Girls† music video she wore a provocative bikini-like outfit with cans attached to her breasts that were shooting out whipped cream. As a role model to many young girls, Katy Perry has the power to be very influential in their lives; however, it seems as though she is going about it the wrong way. The media can also influence many girls to start using drugs and alcohol at a young age. Similar to sexualization, drugs and alcohol are presented in many television shows and other forms of media. Young girls want to fit in with what they see in the media, so when they see their favorite characters on their favorite TV shows doing drugs they are likely to want to do the same. They are not doing it because they are interested in trying drugs and alcohol; they are merely doing it because they think it is the cool thing to do. Many magazines also have stories about celebrities going to rehab, getting belligerently drunk, etc. Although it is likely that an adolescent may stay away from a certain drug if they see their role model has had a negative experience with it, they are likely to do the drug if they don’t see any disadvantages to it. For example, a video of Miley Cyrus doing salvia went viral in 2010. It showed her hysterical laughing from the drug and hallucinating from it, making her think that her boyfriend was in front of her, even though he wasn’t. The video essentially made the drug look appealing. Being a Disney star, it can be debated that Miley Cyrus is even more of a role model to young girls than Katy Perry. If her young fans see her doing this, they are likely to want to follow. Commercials also influence drug use in adolescents. For example, the intention of beer commercials is to make beer look appealing. Jay leno was once asked why he does commercials for Doritos corn chips but refuses to do beer commercials. â€Å"You don’t see dead teenagers on the highway because of corn chips† was his answer (Singer, 415). In today’s society, the media affects young girls in many negative ways. It causes eating disorders, sexualization, and the use of drugs and alcohol. Seeing flawless women all over the media lowers the self-esteem of the average girl, which can ultimately lead to disorders such as depression, bulimia, and anorexia. Television shows and songs with provocative material encourage adolescents to behave more suggestively. This includes dressing and acting provocatively and taking part in the use of drugs and alcohol. There is something that should be done about these detrimental effects of the media, possibly teaching children about understanding how the media works or decreasing the accessibility of explicit content to children. Is it really possible to prevent adolescents from being exposed to such content as much as they are? Will the effects of such content get worse in the future? These are questions to think about as the media not only affects our society today, but it will affect societies and generations to come. Works Cited â€Å"BBC NEWS | Health | Sexualisation ‘harms’ Young Girls. † BBC News – Home. BBC News, 20 Feb. 2007. Web. 26 Jan. 2012. http://news. bbc. co. uk/2/hi/health/6376421. stm. â€Å"Beauty and Body Image in the Media. † Media Awareness Network | Reseau education Medias. Web. 26 Jan. 2012. http://www. media-awareness. ca/english/issues/stereotyping/women_and_girls/women_beauty. cfm. Ireland, Corydon. â€Å"Fijian Girls Succumb to Western Dysmorphia | Harvard Gazette. † Home – Harvard Public Affairs Communications. 19 Mar. 2009. Web. 26 Jan. 2012. http://news. harvard. du/gazette/story/2009/03/fijian-girls-succumb-to-western-dysmorphia/. Luscombe, Belinda. â€Å"The Truth About Teen Girls. † TIME Magazine 11 Sept. 2008. Print. Max, Martin. Mckee, Bonnie. Perry, Katy. (2011). Last Friday Night. [Recorded by Katy Perry]. On Last Friday Night (T. G. I. F. ). United States: Capitol Records. Pozniak, Alexa. â€Å"Part 1: Med ia Portrayal of Drugs. † ABC News. ABC News Network, 23 Feb. 2002. Web. 20 Feb. 2012. http://abcnews. go. com/Health/story? id=116947. Singer, Dorothy G. Singer, Jerome L. (2001). â€Å"Handbook of Children in the Media. † Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, Inc. How to cite Effects of the Media on Young Women, Essay examples

The Role of FWC in the Making and Approving of Agreements Sample

Question: Discuss the Role of Fair Work Commission in the Making and Approving of Agreements. Answer: Introduction Fair Work Australia is the countrys national work place relations tribunal. It is a free collection of autonomous of unions, business and government and will concentrate on giving help to representatives and bosses. Reasonable Work Australia started operation on 1 July 2009, and turned out to be completely operational by 1 January 2010. The Governor General of Australia delegates Fair Work Australia individuals (Fair Work Commission, 2017). The Fair Work Act 2009 requires that those delegated to Fair Work Australia have proper learning or involvement in significant fields, for example, working environment relations, law, business, industry or trade (Fair Work Act 2009, 2017). Current Fair Work Australia individuals originate from an assorted scope of business foundations including the law, unions and manager affiliations, HR and administration, and people in general administration. The Commission is in charge of rolling out essential improvements in the agreements. It is likewise the obligation of the Commission to endorse the pending agreements. The part of Fair Work Commission in the above parts would be talked about in detail (Fair Work Commission, 2017). Discussion Agreements are by and large of two sorts, for example, "enterprise agreements" and "agreement based transitional instruments" (Helfen Sydow, 2013). The transitional based instruments agreements involve the collective agreements and in addition singular agreements. These sorts of agreements would incorporate the collective agreements, work environment agreements, guaranteed agreements and others ("Agreement-based transitional instruments | Workplace Info", 2017). The enterprise agreements involve the diverse sorts of individual and in addition collective agreements that exist to indicate the work environment relations. These sorts of agreements happen through the procedure of collective bartering, which is done in compliance with common decency. The enterprise agreements are finished by arrangement through the procedure of enterprise bartering. An enterprise alludes to a sort of business substance which can embrace or venture (Sutherland, 2013). There can be an assortment of enterprise agreements, which are affirmed by the Fair Work Commission. There are two routes by which the Commission favors the enterprise agreements-either by an agreement that is done between the workers and business, or they can be affirmed by evacuating the instability or uncertainty. The business may give their demand for supporting the variety by voting them (Fair Work Commission, 2017). The enterprise agreements can incorporate a wide assortment of matters, for example, pay rates, business conditions (counting supper breaks, after some time and hours of work), consultative components, debate determination rules and the reasoning produced using the wages (approved by the representative). The enterprise agreements are set up for giving certification for least pay rates and in addition different business conditions ("Fair Work Ombudsman", 2017). There can be a few types of agreements, which are being endorsed by the Fair Work Commission. There can be Greenfields agreements, multi-enterprise agreements and single enterprise agreements. The single enterprise agreements would contain the agreements that are set up between one business and workers (who are utilized at the season of agreement arrangement). The single managers are typically considered as joint endeavors or the regular intrigue firms. The multi-enterprise agreements include the agreement which is made between multiple businesses and the representatives ("Enterprise/Collective Agreements - Jobs ACT", 2017). The Greenfield agreements are set up in connection to a new authoritative element which is made before the work of new staffs. The concerned gatherings of this sort of agreement include the business and one or a few worker affiliations, (for example, exchange unions). Every one of these sorts of agreements is being checked, assessed, examined and endorsed by the Fair Work Commission (Purdon, 2015). The Fair Work Commission takes part in the readiness of the ideal enterprise agreements, which fulfills the constitutional system of the nation. The Commission focuses on the different imperative terms, which ought to be installed in the agreements. There are sure required components that ought to be there in the enterprise agreements. These incorporate the ostensible expiry date, question settlement technique, adaptability term and meeting term. There are a few terms which can't be incorporated into the enterprise agreements. These terms incorporate the prejudicial term, vague term, the term identified with uncalled for rejection, current activity arrangements, right of section qualification and any term identifying with State or Territory. The FWC participates in the audit of the enterprise agreements and checks if there are any illegal substance in it. The endorsement of the agreements that contain illegal substance is denied by the Commission (Fair Work Commission, 2017). The FWC takes an active part in the readiness of the agreements. The Fair Work Act, 2009 gives flexible, straightforward and reasonable system that helps the representatives and the businesses with the goal that they can deal with compliance with common decency. The businesses, representatives and the worker affiliations are occupied with the dealing procedure through the enterprise agreements. The business ought to educate the workers with respect on their right side to be signified by one of the dealing delegates at the season of the enterprise agreements (these ought not to be more than 14 days). The warning procedure ought to be given to the present representative, which is incorporated into the enterprise agreement. The business that might be included in the Greenfield agreement ought to give written notice to each of the representative association. The notice ought to likewise incorporate the start date of the six-month transaction. The bartering delegate ought to be a man who might be selected by each of the gatherings occupied with the enterprise agreements. This individual would speak to the gatherings at the season of the haggling procedure (James Ombudsman, 2015). The FWC is occupied with surveying and endorsing the enterprise agreements. This is finished with the assistance of a few stages that ought to be trailed by the business. The businesses ought to guarantee that there is seven day and age before the way toward voting for the different agreement. The workers are being given the agreement duplicate, and all the necessary conditions are incorporated into the enterprise agreements. The business ought to advise the representatives with respect to the place and time of the voting procedure. It is additionally critical to educate them about the voting procedure utilized. The business ought to make each sensible stride so that the terms of the work agreement are satisfied. The workers ought to be made mindful of the terms and conditions, which ought to be given in a suitable way. The representatives are required to underwrite the agreement by partaking in the voting procedure (MacDonald Charlesworth, 2013). The FWC has certain means for endorsing the enterprise agreements. The applications are being assessed by FWC, which ought to be stopped within 14 days of the planning of the agreement. The FWC checks the application shape and checks whether it has fulfilled every one of the criteria or not. The agreement ought to be concurred by the workers who are being incorporated into the agreement. On account of the multi-enterprise agreements, the agreement ought to be concurred by every one of the businesses. In this procedure, no individual ought to be undermined to constrain or pressured so that the agreements are being made. The agreement meets the criteria of "Better off Overall Test (BOOT)". The agreement ought to be without unlawful terms, which incorporate terms concerning material garments or footwear outworkers (Barry, 2016). The Fair Work Commission has set down strict tenets that should be guaranteed by the businesses so that their agreement is affirmed. There are positive pre-endorsement steps that should be taken by the businesses so that the endorsement procedure is picked up. The business ought to make all the sensible strides so that the agreement is endorsed by the Fair Work Commission (Fair Work Commission, 2017). The terms of the agreement and fundamental clarification of the terms ought to be passed on to the representatives working in the association. It is critical to clarify the subtle elements of the agreement with the workers. The subtle elements ought to be educated in a suitable way. It ought to be all around disclosed to every one of the workers of the association having a place from the socially different foundation or representatives who have joined new in the framework. A huge share of the workers who might be secured by the agreement (proposed) requirements to affirm the same by thr owing their votes for it. There are different standards for the distinctive sorts of agreement to be specific single-enterprise, multi-enterprise and Greenfields. On the off chance that the FWC supports the agreement, then it would issue a choice alongside the endorsed agreement. The important agreements would be appended to it, and one duplicate will be sent to all the included gatherings (Stewart et al., 2014). Conclusion The Fair Work Commission is one of the biggest administrative bodies that right a lot of work, including affirming agreements. The Fair Work Commission takes part in the planning of the ideal enterprise agreements, which fulfills the legal structure of the nation. The agreements are set up by considering a lot of variables. The Fair Work Commission participates in the readiness of the ideal enterprise agreements, which fulfills the legitimate system of the nation. There are a few stages which administer the endorsement procedure of the agreements. The diverse sorts of debate would likewise be talked about. The strict standards concerning endorsement process are additionally talked about. References Agreement-based transitional instruments | Workplace Info. (2017).Workplaceinfo.com.au. Retrieved 6 April 2017, from https://workplaceinfo.com.au/resources/employment-topics-a-z/agreement-based-transitional-instruments Barry, M. (2016). Employer and employer association matters in Australia in 2015.Journal of Industrial Relations, 0022185616634092. Enterprise/Collective Agreements - Jobs ACT. (2017).Jobs.act.gov.au. Retrieved 6 April 2017, from https://www.jobs.act.gov.au/about-the-actps/agreements Fair Work Act 2009. (2017).Legislation.gov.au. Retrieved 6 April 2017, from https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2016C01108 Fair Work Commission | Australia's national workplace relations tribunal. (2017).Fair Work Commission. Retrieved 6 April 2017, from https://www.fwc.gov.au/ Fair Work Ombudsman. (2017).Fair Work Ombudsman. Retrieved 6 April 2017, from https://www.fairwork.gov.au/awards-and-agreements/agreements Helfen, M., Sydow, J. (2013). Negotiating as institutional work: The case of labour standards and international framework agreements.Organization Studies,34(8), 1073-1098. James, N., Ombudsman, F. W. (2015). Commonwealth of Australia. MacDonald, F., Charlesworth, S. (2013). Equal pay under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth): mainstreamed or marginalised.UNSWLJ,36, 563. Purdon, S. (2015). A search for greener pastures: The evolution of greenfields agreements in Australia.Australian Journal of Labour Law,28(2), 132-158. Stewart, A. J., Bray, M., Macneil, J., Oxenbridge, S. (2014). 'Promoting cooperative and productive workplace relations': exploring the Fair Work Commission's new role. Sutherland, C. (2013). Mapping Complexity in Australian Enterprise Agreements: A Multi-Dimensional Approach.

History of Brothels and Red Light District

Introduction Brothels and red rights streets are destinations, houses or spaces provided or offered to accommodate commercial sex workers. They are licensed houses or rooms specifically meant to accommodate commercial sex workers mainly in major towns. From time in memorial, brothels and red rights were a confined location for commercial sex workers (May, Page Brunsdon, 2001).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of Brothels and Red Light District specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This form of business started in twelfth century and still in force today. As a result, it has come to be known as the oldest profession in history. Brothels were and still are organized institutions that manage the business of prostitution across the world. Background Prostitution started as an ethical act within the society. However, with time, the profession assumed an ugly face, developing into a huge vice that could not be stopp ed merely by setting laws to guide the individuals partaking in it. Prostitution is a deep-seated evil that is slowly getting into our day- to- day life. It has turned to be one of the sources of employment among the jobless youths. The brothel business in London started in a town known as Liberty which was under the authority of the Bishop of Winchester. This was the first organized and prudently managed brothel in history. Prostitutes were stationed there all round the clock where they would be useful in helping to meet the increased demand for prostitution services needed in the town. The reasons behind the increased need for prostitution services were as a result of increased number of industries in the area. An increase in the economic development resulted in rural -urban migration mainly of males, leaving back their spouses at home so as to work in the newly opened industries in the urban centers. With time, these males felt deprived of their sexual needs since they had left t heir spouses back at home for a long and they did not wish to go back home out of fear of losing their jobs. Therefore, the males therefore had no choice but to the streets in search of willing women to satisfy their sexual needs (May et al, 2001). The need to operate an organized prostitution based center for prostitutes were necessitated by unhealthy competition among the sex workers in the area. Brothels at this initial stage were recognized by the Liberty location authority (London) and were granted a license to operate freely. Although prostitution was a legal profession in the eyes of the local authority bodies, on the other hand, the general public did not appreciate it at all. In the Christian based societies, prostitution remained an evil and unacceptable activity (Allen 2009). As a way of demonstrating their disapproval of the involvements of men and women in prostitution, the churches stopped giving Christian burial services to those who were known to partake in the vice. Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, such individuals would also be buried in an area set aside for sinners in the society. They were buried in a place called Cross bones. This graveyard was set aside for prostitutes only (May et al, 2001). By the sixteenth centaury, the towns become more industrialized, hence pulling different industries together (for example theatres and production industries, among other industries). This growth of the different industry resulted in increased promotion of prostitution. More brothels were established and licensed to cater for the increased demand. At the same time, the authorities in Medieval Paris sought to imitate their counterparts in London in as far as the issue of prostitution is concerned. This was as a result of increased prostitution in the streets of Paris and for this reason the authorities deemed it appropriate to confine prostitutes to specific streets in their town. Consequently, nine streets of Beaubourg quarters were set aside for prostitution. Those who were willing and able to set up brothels were licensed by the authority to do so (May et al, 2001). These business entrepreneurs were supposed to meet the entire requirements that were set by the authorities in order to get the license. This business opportunity attracted many stakeholders who eventually ventured into this business fully. Jobless women from all walks of live committed themselves fully to this window of opportunity. As a result, prostitution was indirectly promoted by the local authority. Beaubourg quarter district was economically empowered because most of its residents were either directly or indirectly involved, hence creating much wealth. Meanwhile, the population of self-reliant women increased in that district because they could easily get a living out of prostitution (May et al, 2001). Brothel and red streets business conti nued to grow with age. Technology and new changing believes in the society have made it possible to have the modern brothels. By the eighteen century, Paris alone had one hundred and eighty registered brothels. Brothels and red streets were no longer regarded as evil places but normal social places. These places were properly managed and controlled to meet their objectives. It was became an offence to disrupt those taking part in the business. In the brothels could not operate without prostitutes and for this reason, the management ensured that they upheld their rights (Caron, 2009). Proper supervision was undertaken to protect sex workers from being exploitation by their customers and also the customers’ rights were preserved to encourage a continuation of the business (Caron, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of Brothels and Red Light District specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the ninetee nth century, the French government started running legal established brothel firms. It was a source of income for the government and therefore massive investments were undertaken (Caron, 2009). The government built and maintained brothels with the expectation of earning more in this unexploited venture. Recruitment was properly undertaken while hiring the employees in the brothels; mainly retired prostitutes were given a chance to work there due to their noble skills, while they were still young and vibrant. French government invested heavily in this sector and marketed it to the rest of the world as one of its spectacular scene in French nation (Caron, 2009). The French government earned super profits from this business where locals and foreigners participated fully. Paris was the only city that was proud to own and host the most comfortable brothels at that time. Le Chabanais and Le Sphinx brothels ware popularly known for their comfort and better services they offered to their cu stomers (Caron, 2009). In 1917 the brothel industry in French assumed another face when gay brothels were opened. The need to bring gays together in one roof was effected by the construction of a hotel, Second Arroundissement of Paris. This hotel was believed to be a gay brothel center were gay related services were offered. Although this idea was not welcomed, with time however, members of the society started to accept these changes. Although most of the European nations legalized brothels and red rights, by nineteen forty six, a massive campaign against this antisocial practice was started by activists who managed to outsmart the governments. This brought changes in the laws to illegitimise the practice. By the time Marthe Richard managed to successfully petition these anti-social practices within the European government, Germany had already succeeded to get a brothel service provider for its army. This was a proof of how this business was conducted and promoted at the government level. Due to changes in time and the effect of Marthe Richard activism against brothels, Italy illegalized the business in 1959 (May et al, 2001). New versions of brothel- like organizations have sprung up as a way of avoiding Marthe Richard’s policy which brought brothels legality to an end. Netherlands therefore came up with the red lights districts option to serve the purpose of the brothels (May et al, 2001). Today, Netherlands owns the best legal policies in the world to guide and manage prostitution.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This has in effect helped to promote sex tourism industry in the country. Foreigners and local sex workers have embraced the brothel concept in Netherlands. Amsterdam is a living example of an advanced red light district that hosts a big population of sex tourists. In a 2009 report made public by the Daily Telegraph in Australia, it emerged that the levels of prostitution licensed brothel are diminishing irrespective of the brothels ability to organize it workers and customers (Carron, 2009). This is because many customers are no more willing to be associated with the brothels due their bad image portrayed to the public. The freelance sex works are believed to earn more because of their many customers. Less cost are incurred by freelance sex workers while providing the services as compared to the legalized sex workers who are restricted to one station and have to pay subscription fee to the management (May et al, 2001). Illegal brothels have come into force whereas new types of serv ices and operations to suit the clients are being developed outside brothels management. These effects have denied the organized and licensed brothels and red right street workers who could have developed this industry positively. In the countries where brothels, red rights districts and the whole prostitution concept is illegal, people always bend the law to achieve their ultimate goals (Tessa, 2007). Some countries such as the United States have a well organize and managed brothels where the stake holders are forced to adhere to the strict rules that guide them. A sex worker for example, working in a licensed brothel in United States must have a regular medical checkup among other strict requirements (Tessa, 2007). Those sex workers who operate outside the licensed brothels are claimed to be going against the law and are subject to be fined or be imprisoned. Conclusion In the present day, we have rules and regulations that govern the oldest profession in the world, prostitution. P rostitution was seen as an evil act to the eyes of the majority in the world during seventeen and sixteen century. However, with time, society has come to slowly accept the fact that prostitution could be operated just like any other form of business. In future, we expect more tolerance within our society. More changes are expected due to the population advancement which will bring forth to different funny characters in our societies. Reference List Allen, P. (2009). Sleeping with the enemy. Daily Mail. France. Caron,C. (2009). Navada Brothels Hit Hard by Gas Prices. ABC News. Navada. May, M., Page, R., Brunsdon, E. (2001). Understanding social problems.UK: Blackwell Tessa, M. (2007). Japan Comfort Women. The Asia-Pacific Journal. Japan. This essay on History of Brothels and Red Light District was written and submitted by user Doctor Faustus to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Bmw’s Dream Factory Culture Essays

Bmw’s Dream Factory Culture Essays Bmw’s Dream Factory Culture Essay Bmw’s Dream Factory Culture Essay Title: BMW’s Dream Factory Culture Course: Leadership and Organizational Behavior According to studies, the new workers in a company sharpen and adjust to the culture in an easy and quick manner. This happens as the employees working in an organization have the feeling of team working in a manner of family (Lawton, n. d). BMW has this type of working culture, which can be pronounced as an entrepreneurial work culture. Another instance that helps in knowing that BMW has an entrepreneurial culture is from the fact that, workers joining the organization have the feeling of their own place in the team. They have a clear idea of the mission that has to be accomplished. This can be attained only if the employees in the organization work at the same level and understand each other. Thus, work culture that has been developed in a company allows and makes sure the employees work side by side and not in an extra professional hierarchy’s manner (BMW’s dream factory and culture, 2005). These are all the factors that together give surety that BMW has an entrepreneurial culture of work. Creating an entrepreneurial work culture includes various factors to be considered. These are treating people with respect, employee’s health, and open doors for communication and maintaining camaraderie (Murray, Poole and Jones, 2006). The case clearly states that the staff in an organization if work side by side, can bring in the quality of open door communication in an organization. The company offers best salaries to the employees along with health benefits that make sure of employees motivation being always high at the work. The case also narrates that every move that is decided in the company, is the result of organization’s informal networks that are formed in the company, along with many number of brain storming sessions. This states that employees in the organization have respect to each other while discussing ideas that are generated in their mind (BMW’s dream factory and culture, 2005). From the above discussion, it is also clear that the employees are given with the sense of being associates rather than just employees. No member of the staff is seen from the perspective of cost, but an essential factor for the company’s successful performance. The company also believes in maintaining trust with and over the employees. Thus, it is clear that BMW has associate leadership model (Sense of Purpose, n. d). This type of leadership management followed in the company helps in maintaining cordial relationship and collaboration between the management and work force of the company. The associates in the organization are realized about the responsibility that has to be shared by all, along with other qualities such as flexibility and self-organization. The main motive of the company is to maintain culture of trust that promotes cooperation and responsibility (Murray, Poole and Jones, 2006). This type of model of leadership which is followed by the company makes sure that employees themselves start believing in high performance and create flexibility in their way of working. This strategy helps in striking balance between the interest of employees and employers. BMW, at the same time, has the best payment packages in the market that makes the factor of management of labor quiet necessary which is possible with the help of this leadership model only. Associate leadership model is one of the most effective models for management of expensive labor (BMW’s dream factory and culture, 2005). BMW has made it sure that free communication takes place in the company that allows movement of idea from one place to another that further takes places of brain storming. This ensures that there are best ideas selected in the company and best cars are made in company. Employees are considered as a family and part of the company thereby making them realize their importance to the company that is shared by them (Armstrong, 2003). The case mentions that after the usage of these techniques in the company, there has been noticed around thirty-five percent of increase in the productivity and the turnover was measured about 90 percent in all the divisions that used this program. The job satisfaction in these branches also rose to ten percent. In addition, the team scores rose to 13 percent (BMW’s dream factory and culture, 2005). The company is a strict believer of creativity, which can be judged from the fact of brain storming sessions which takes place in the company before taking any decision for the company. This is one of the factors that help in bringing the feeling of cooperation among the employees further helping in building better team. On the other hand, the company also follows open door communication which clearly states that there is a free passage for ideas within the organization. This proves the efficiency that that company can attain in the near future. The mentioned two factors help organizations in not only taking decisions, but also generate voluntary idea, where number of employees come to a point with excellent monetarily and creative uccessful solution for the organization, to face the market problems (Sharing the wealth, listening to even the lowest-ranking workers, and rewarding risk have paid off big time, 2006). BMW also gives its employees a flexibility regarding the time of work and way to keep follow-ups with the task given to them. Hence, the employees feel it easy to express their individuality by the ideas, workspaces and dresses that lets the unique attribu tes show. The company believes in recognizing that, everyone has different qualities and these differences spark new ideas to emerge. The work culture and environment in the company emphasizes mainly on the communication factor between the employees themselves and with the management as well. The company builds the working place in such a way that, there is an optimum level of communication done within the line managers and best cars are produced in the market. The employees have the sense of freedom due to flexibility given to them at the work place, as they are free to work anywhere in the company at any time until the job gets completed successfully (BMW’s dream factory and culture, 2005). References BMW’s dream factory and culture (2005). Organizational Behavior. Cengage Learning: US. Pp. 522. Geoff Armstrong. (2003). BMW Group Plant Oxford’s. ICMRINDIA. retrieved on November 1 2009 from icmrindia. org/casestudies/catalogue/Operations/BMW%20Group%20Plant%20Oxford-New%20Oxford%20Way-NOW%20Program. htm Jennifer Lawton (n. d) Creating an Entrepreneurial Culture. Entrepreneurship. retrieved on October 31 2009 from entrepreneurship. org/creating-an-entrepreneurial-culture. html Peter Murray, David Poole, Grant Jones. 2006). Contemporary issues in management and organizational behavior. Thomson Learning Nelson:US. Pp. 395-396. Sense of Purpose. (n. d) Pursuing common goals. BMW. retrieved on October 31 2009 from bmw. co. za/products/automobiles/bmw_insights/sense. asp Sharing the wealth, listening to even the lowest-ranking workers, and rewarding risk have paid off big time. (2006). BMWs Dream Factory. BusinessWeek. Retrieved on October 31 2009 from busine ssweek. com/magazine/content/06_42/b4005072. htm? chan=innovati

Changes in Leadership and CEO Succession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Changes in Leadership and CEO Succession - Essay Example Founded in 1839 by Oliver Chace, the Valley Falls Company specialized in textile manufacturing. Its 1889 merger with Berkshire Cotton Manufacturing saw the company’s name change to Berkshire Fine Spinning Associates. The company’s final merger then followed this in 1955 with Hathaway Manufacturing Company, which resulted in its new name Berkshire Hathaway. Initially, the company had been successful expanding its operations across the US. However, after the World War I, a decline in the textile industry led the company shutting down several of its mills. This was when (1962) Warren Buffet began buying stock in the company. By 1964, Buffet had acknowledged that the waning textile industry would not lead to an improvement in the company’s finances; therefore, he agreed to sell his shares when he received an oral tender offer from Seabury Stanton (the company’s owner). Stanton’s failure to uphold his end of the bargain rendered the deal void, which moti vated an aggrieved Buffet to purchase more shares from the company to become majority shareholder. In 1967, Buffet set his sights on insurance, and decided to purchase the National Indemnity Company. Since then, he shut down the remaining textile mills and continued to acquire subsidiary companies while investing in the stock market. Currently, Forbes magazine ranks Berkshire Hathaway as the fifth biggest public company in the world. Presently, Buffet serves in the capacity of CEO, Chairman, Chief Investment Officer (CIO) and majority shareholder. As such, the company must find an individual or group of individuals with the expertise required to perform the diverse functions. The proposed succession plan is split into five parts whereby three parts focus on personnel, one on corporate culture and the last on institutional ownership. The company’s Board of Directors proposes that

How you have experienced social change in Qatar over the last 5 years Essay

How you have experienced social change in Qatar over the last 5 years or so - Essay Example The above changes are largely because Qatar has been hosting numerous sporting events. Mubarak Al Mana, who is the head of the country’s women’s sport committee, has played an important role in supporting women’s involvement in sports. Apart from the increase in the number of women participating in the country’s labor force, most of them tend to focus in certain occupations, particularly teaching and clerical jobs. As the Qatar society started the complex process of implementing social change decade ago, the imbalanced status of women became prominent. It also became a difficult obstacle. Nevertheless, the country has taken vital recognizable steps in the past five years to ensure that women have similar privileges as men. For instance, women have the privilege to vote and contend for any political position during their parliamentary elections (Great Britain, 2004). In 2010, Sheikha Maha Mansour was appointed as the first woman judge in the country. This greatly indicated how Qatar was experiencing a speedy social change. The situation also created an important example to other women who are currently studying different courses previously meant for men. Another recognizable social change is the organization of the family laws. Formerly, resolutions of family problems were dependent on the judge’s understanding of Islamic law. However, this has changed since 2003 when women were given th e privilege to participate in public life and business. In addition, they also have the privilege to travel alone because laws requiring a guardian’s authority for a woman to be given a passport were withdrawn during this

Strategies to prevent Stress & Burnout in Nursing Research Paper

Strategies to prevent Stress & Burnout in Nursing - Research Paper Example A number of studies have explored burnout and stress among nurses in many countries in relation to patient outcomes. Too often, burnouts are directly linked to increased mortality, patient dissatisfaction, and failure to rescue. Similarly, in a relation between clinical care and personal stress, nurses reported 76 incidents where they believed patient care was badly impacted by stress (Timby & Smith, 2005). However, personality has been always considered as a significant variable in the work stress/burnout equation in many investigations. Jointly, these findings support the fact that perceptions of burnouts and work stress among nurses are not just as a result of work conditions given that not all nurses, exposed to the same working conditions, experience stress or develop burnout.Neurotism has been linked to exhaustion, while external locus of control has showed a positive correlation with stress and burnout. Evaluation of anxiety demonstrates a connection with burnout and stress. A nxiety may be more stable and viewed as a personality feature. Ahola (2007) concluded that nurses with high state anxiety do not only risk having burnouts, but also make medical errors. Maslach C, and Jackson S. (1982), in their study found that nurses with high trait-anxiety experienced psychological distress. Further, relationships with head nurses, coworkers, physicians, and other departments are key predictors of psychological stress. Oral abuse from physicians has been noted to stress up staff nurses.... Jointly, these findings support the fact that perceptions of burnouts and work stress among nurses are not just as a result of work conditions given that not all nurses, exposed to the same working conditions, experience stress or develop burnout. Neurotism has been linked to exhaustion, while external locus of control has showed a positive correlation with stress and burnout. Evaluation of anxiety demonstrates a connection with burnout and stress. Anxiety may be more stable and viewed as a personality feature. Ahola (2007) concluded that nurses with high state anxiety do not only risk having burnouts, but also make medical errors. Maslach C, and Jackson S. (1982), in their study found that nurses with high trait-anxiety experienced psychological distress. Further, relationships with head nurses, coworkers, physicians, and other departments are key predictors of psychological stress. Oral abuse from physicians has been noted to stress up staff nurses. Most frequent source of abuse te nd to be other nurses, family abuse come second, and physician abuse is least frequent. Professional standards to ensure quality care for their clients Burnout and stress are most likely causes of poor performance and negative work attitudes. According to Elis and Hartley (2004), professional standards in nursing such as setting realistic goals, not taking issues individually, taking time away, and doing things differently help nurses gain a better sense of accomplishment. Dissimilar work routines can help to deter psychological stress and give a sense of better control. Carrying out tasks less personally entails objectifying negative interactions in helping limit emotional involvement, thus reducing stress. Failure to bring patient problems at home also decreases emotional involvement